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Article Dans Une Revue Microbial Biotechnology Année : 2023

Nanohaloarchaea as beneficiaries of xylan degradation by haloarchaea

Enzo Messina
Oleg Reva
Olga V Golyshina
Peter N Golyshin
Manfred Rohde
Mart Krupovic
John E Hallsworth

Résumé

Climate change, desertification, salinisation of soils and the changing hydrology of the Earth are creating or modifying microbial habitats at all scales including the oceans, saline groundwaters and brine lakes. In environments that are saline or hypersaline, the biodegradation of recalcitrant plant and animal polysaccharides can be inhibited by salt‐induced microbial stress and/or by limitation of the metabolic capabilities of halophilic microbes. We recently demonstrated that the chitinolytic haloarchaeon Halomicrobium can serve as the host for an ectosymbiont, nanohaloarchaeon ‘ Candidatus Nanohalobium constans’. Here, we consider whether nanohaloarchaea can benefit from the haloarchaea‐mediated degradation of xylan, a major hemicellulose component of wood. Using samples of natural evaporitic brines and anthropogenic solar salterns, we describe genome‐inferred trophic relations in two extremely halophilic xylan‐degrading three‐member consortia. We succeeded in genome assembly and closure for all members of both xylan‐degrading cultures and elucidated the respective food chains within these consortia. We provide evidence that ectosymbiontic nanohaloarchaea is an active ecophysiological component of extremely halophilic xylan‐degrading communities (although by proxy ) in hypersaline environments. In each consortium, nanohaloarchaea occur as ectosymbionts of Haloferax , which in turn act as scavenger of oligosaccharides produced by xylan‐hydrolysing Halorhabdus . We further obtained and characterised the nanohaloarchaea–host associations using microscopy, multi‐omics and cultivation approaches. The current study also doubled culturable nanohaloarchaeal symbionts and demonstrated that these enigmatic nano‐sized archaea can be readily isolated in binary co‐cultures using an appropriate enrichment strategy. We discuss the implications of xylan degradation by halophiles in biotechnology and for the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
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Origine : Publication financée par une institution
Licence : CC BY NC ND - Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

Dates et versions

pasteur-04186481 , version 1 (23-08-2023)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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Violetta La Cono, Enzo Messina, Oleg Reva, Francesco Smedile, Gina La Spada, et al.. Nanohaloarchaea as beneficiaries of xylan degradation by haloarchaea. Microbial Biotechnology, 2023, 16 (9), pp.1803-1822. ⟨10.1111/1751-7915.14272⟩. ⟨pasteur-04186481⟩
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