%0 Journal Article %T Synaptic basis of a sub-second representation of time in a neural circuit model %+ Dynamique des synapses et des circuits neuronaux - Synapse and circuit dynamics %+ Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) %A Barri, A. %A Wiechert, M. %A Jazayeri, M. %A Digregorio, D. %Z This work is supported by the Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM EQU202003010555), Fondation pour l’Audition (FPA-RD-2018-8), BioPsy Laboratory of Excellence, and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-CE16-0019, and ANR-18-CE16-0018, ANR-19-CE16 0019-02, ANR-21-CE16-0036-01), which were awarded to the laboratory of DAD. %< avec comité de lecture %@ 2041-1723 %J Nature Communications %I Nature Publishing Group %V 13 %N 1 %P 7902 %8 2022-12 %D 2022 %R 10.1038/s41467-022-35395-y %M 36550115 %Z Life Sciences [q-bio] %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]Journal articles %X Temporal sequences of neural activity are essential for driving well-timed behaviors, but the underlying cellular and circuit mechanisms remain elusive. We leveraged the well-defined architecture of the cerebellum, a brain region known to support temporally precise actions, to explore theoretically whether the experimentally observed diversity of short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) at the input layer could generate neural dynamics sufficient for sub-second temporal learning. A cerebellar circuit model equipped with dynamic synapses produced a diverse set of transient granule cell firing patterns that provided a temporal basis set for learning precisely timed pauses in Purkinje cell activity during simulated delay eyelid conditioning and Bayesian interval estimation. The learning performance across time intervals was influenced by the temporal bandwidth of the temporal basis, which was determined by the input layer synaptic properties. The ubiquity of STP throughout the brain positions it as a general, tunable cellular mechanism for sculpting neural dynamics and fine-tuning behavior. %G English %2 https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-04092402/document %2 https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-04092402/file/s41467-022-35395-y.pdf %L pasteur-04092402 %U https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-04092402 %~ PASTEUR %~ CNRS %~ UNIV-PARIS %~ UNIVERSITE-PARIS %~ ANR %~ FRM %~ SYN-CIR-DY %~ PASTEUR_UMR3571