%0 Journal Article %T Duration of BA.5 neutralization in sera and nasal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individuals, with or without omicron breakthrough infection %+ Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity (CNRS-UMR3569) %+ Vaccine Research Institute [Créteil, France] (VRI) %+ Morphogénèse et antigénicité du VIH et du virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH - U1259 Inserm - CHRU Tours ) %+ Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours) %+ Génomique évolutive des virus à ARN - Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses %+ École Doctorale Bio Sorbonne Paris Cité [Paris] (ED562 - BioSPC) %+ Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP) %+ Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides = Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors [CRC] (FunGeST) %+ Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO) %A Planas, Delphine %A Staropoli, Isabelle %A Porot, Françoise %A Guivel-Benhassine, Florence %A Handala, Lynda %A Prot, Matthieu %A Bolland, William-Henry %A Puech, Julien %A Péré, Hélène %A Veyer, David %A Sève, Aymeric %A Simon-Lorière, Etienne %A Bruel, Timothée %A Prazuck, Thierry %A Stefic, Karl %A Hocqueloux, Laurent %A Schwartz, Olivier %Z Work in O.S.'s laboratory is funded by the Institut Pasteur, Urgence COVID-19 Fundraising Campaign of Institut Pasteur, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), ANRS, the Vaccine Research Institute (ANR-10-LABX-77), Labex IBEID (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), ANR/FRM Flash Covid PROTEO-SARS-CoV-2, ANR Coronamito, and IDISCOVR, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), HERA european funding and the NIH PICREID (grant no U01AI151758). %< avec comité de lecture %@ 2666-6340 %J Med %I Cell Press %V 3 %N 12 %P 838-847.e3 %8 2022-12-09 %D 2022 %R 10.1016/j.medj.2022.09.010 %M 36228619 %K BA.5 %K IgA %K IgG %K Omicron %K SARS-Cov-2 %K Translation to patients %K breakthrough %K mucosal immunity %K neutralization %K vaccine %K variants %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]Journal articles %X Background: Since early 2022, Omicron BA.1 has been eclipsed by BA.2, which was in turn outcompeted by BA.5, which displays enhanced antibody escape properties.Methods: Here, we evaluated the duration of the neutralizing antibody (Nab) response, up to 18 months after Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccination, in individuals with or without BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infection. We measured neutralization of the ancestral D614G lineage, Delta, and Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 variants in 300 sera and 35 nasal swabs from 27 individuals.Findings: Upon vaccination, serum Nab titers were decreased by 10-, 15-, and 25-fold for BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5, respectively, compared with D614G. We estimated that, after boosting, the duration of neutralization was markedly shortened from 11.5 months with D614G to 5.5 months with BA.5. After breakthrough, we observed a sharp increase of Nabs against Omicron subvariants, followed by a plateau and a slow decline after 5-6 months. In nasal swabs, infection, but not vaccination, triggered a strong immunoglobulin A (IgA) response and a detectable Omicron-neutralizing activity.Conclusions: BA.5 spread is partly due to abbreviated vaccine efficacy, particularly in individuals who were not infected with previous Omicron variants. %G English %Z The authors thank A. Fontanet for critical reading of the manuscript, the patients who participated to this study, members of the Virus and Immunity Unit and other teams for discussion and help, N. Aulner and the staff at the UtechS Photonic BioImaging (UPBI) core facility (Institut Pasteur), a member of the France BioImaging network, for image acquisition and analysis, and F. Peira, V. Legros, and L. Courtellemont for their help with the cohorts. %L pasteur-04082610 %U https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-04082610 %~ PASTEUR %~ EPHE %~ UNIV-TOURS %~ CNRS %~ APHP %~ UPEC %~ CORDELIERS %~ PSL %~ CHU-UNIV-PARIS5 %~ SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE %~ SORBONNE-UNIV %~ SU-SCIENCES %~ TEST-DEV %~ UNIV-PARIS %~ UNIVERSITE-PARIS %~ UP-SANTE %~ EPHE-PSL %~ SU-TI %~ ANR %~ ALLIANCE-SU %~ TEST3-HALCNRS %~ FRM %~ VIR-IMMUN %~ PASTEUR_UMR3569