%0 Journal Article %T H3K4me1 Supports Memory-like NK Cells Induced by Systemic Inflammation %+ Chromatine et Infection - Chromatin and Infection %+ Cytokines et Inflammation %+ Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France %A Rasid, Orhan %A Chevalier, Christine %A Camarasa, Tiphaine Marie-Noelle %A Fitting, Catherine %A Cavaillon, Jean-Marc %A Hamon, Melanie Anne %Z Work in the M.A.H. laboratory received financial support from Institut Pasteur and the French National Research Agency (ANR-EPIBACTIN). O.R. was supported by a stipend from the Pasteur – Paris University International PhD Program for part of this work. T.M.-N.C. is supported by a fellowship from the Foundation for Medical Research (Mariane Josso Prize). %< avec comité de lecture %@ 2211-1247 %J Cell Reports %I Elsevier Inc %V 29 %N 12 %P 3933-3945.e3 %8 2019-12-17 %D 2019 %R 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.043 %M 31851924 %K H3K4me1 %K NK cell memory %K NK cells %K epigenetic %K sepsis %Z Life Sciences [q-bio] %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunityJournal articles %X Natural killer (NK) cells are unique players in innate immunity and, as such, an attractive target for immunotherapy. NK cells display immune memory properties in certain models, but the long-term status of NK cells following systemic inflammation is unknown. Here we show that following LPS-induced endotoxemia in mice, NK cells acquire cell-intrinsic memory-like properties, showing increased production of IFNγ upon specific secondary stimulation. The NK cell memory response is detectable for at least 9 weeks and contributes to protection from E. coli infection upon adoptive transfer. Importantly, we reveal a mechanism essential for NK cell memory, whereby an H3K4me1-marked latent enhancer is uncovered at the ifng locus. Chemical inhibition of histone methyltransferase activity erases the enhancer and abolishes NK cell memory. Thus, NK cell memory develops after endotoxemia in a histone methylation-dependent manner, ensuring a heightened response to secondary stimulation. %G English %Z We would like to thank Olivier Dussurget and Emmanuel Lemichez for the kind gift of the luminescent E. coli, Thomas Kohler and Sven Hammerschmidt for the S. pneumoniae strain, and Ignacio Santecchia for technical assistance with E. coli culture. %2 https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-03229812/document %2 https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-03229812/file/1-s2.0-S2211124719315256-main.pdf %L pasteur-03229812 %U https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-03229812 %~ PASTEUR %~ UNIV-PARIS7 %~ USPC %~ UNIV-PARIS %~ ANR %~ FRM